Go

Go (often referred to as golang) is a free and open source programming language created at Google in 2007 by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson. It is a compiled, statically typed language in the tradition of Algol and C, with garbage collection, limited structural typing, memory safety features and CSP-style concurrent programming features added. (Wikipedia)

Installation

After installation set the environment variable GOPATH to a local directory. Maybe add the binary directory of Go to the PATH:

export PATH=${PATH}:${GOPATH}/bin

Arch Linux

Install the go package.

Debian

Further information: Go Wiki - Ubuntu

Using snap (list channels by snap info go)

snap install go --channel 1.11/stable

Using APT

apt-get install golang-1.10-go
ln -s /usr/lib/go-1.10/bin/go /usr/bin/go
export GOROOT=/usr/lib/go-1.10

Manual download

Download and unzip go

wget https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.11.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -xvf go1.11.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo mv go /usr/local

Set the root and add it to the path

export GOROOT=/opt/go
export PATH=${PATH}:${GOROOT}/bin

Example

Hello World program

hello-world.go

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
        fmt.Println("Hello World")
}

Run

$ go run hello-world.go 
Hello World

Build and execute

$ go build hello-world.go
$ ./hello-world 
Hello World

Basics

Struct

Define a struct

import "time"

type Photographer struct {
    Id      int
    Name    string
    Since   time.Time
    Active  bool
}

type Photographers []Photographer

Use it

var photographers Photographers
p := Photographer{Name: "Tom"}

photographers = append(photographers, p)

Convert

String to byte array

[]byte("my-string")

Byte array to String

string(myByteArray[:])

Advanced

Listen to HTTP/REST and gRPC

import (
	"net"
	"net/http"

	"google.golang.org/grpc"
	"google.golang.org/grpc/reflection"
)
func main() {
	errRPC := make(chan error)
	errHTTP := make(chan error)
	go listenRPC(errRPC)
	go listenHTTP(errHTTP)

	select {
	case err := <-errRPC:
		log.Fatalf("Exited rpc with error: %s", err.Error())
	case err := <-errHTTP:
		log.Fatalf("Exited http with error: %s", err.Error())
	}
}

func listenRPC(errChan chan error) {
	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":50051")
	if err != nil {
		errChan <- err
		return
	}
	s := grpc.NewServer()
	pb.RegisterTelegramBotApiServer(s, &server{})
	reflection.Register(s) // Register reflection service on gRPC server.
	errChan <- s.Serve(lis)
}

func listenHTTP(errchan chan error) {
	mux := http.NewServeMux()
	mux.Handle("/ready", http.HandlerFunc(readinessProbeHandler))
	mux.Handle("/healthz", http.HandlerFunc(livenessProbeHandler))
	errchan <- http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux)
}

Tools

Build

Cross compile, here with Linux and disabled usage of C code by Go packages (CGO_ENABLED=0)

CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o <destination-file> .

Get

Download all depdencies

go get -d -t ./...

Optional parameters

• -d: download only without no install
• -t: download test dependencies)

List

go list -f '{{ join .Imports "\n" }}' github.com/gomodule/redigo/redi

Tips

List dependencies of a package

see #List

Clean the cache

go clean -cache

Dockerfile

see Dockerfiles

See also

• Go - Tests
• C
• Python

External links

• Official website
• pprof user interface